Sannadka 2025, warshadaha dahaarka ayaa dardar gelinaya xagga labada yool ee "isbeddelka cagaarka" iyo "kor u qaadista waxqabadka." Goobaha dahaarka-dhamaadka sare ah sida baabuurta iyo gaadiidka tareenada, dahaarka biyuhu waxay ka soo baxeen "doorashooyinka kale" ilaa "doorashooyinka guud" taas oo ay ugu wacan tahay qiiqa VOC ee hooseeya, badbaadada, iyo sun la'aanta. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si loo daboolo baahida xaaladaha adag ee codsiga (tusaale, huurka badan iyo daxalka xooggan) iyo shuruudaha sare ee isticmaalayaasha ee dahaarka adkeysiga iyo shaqeynta, horumarka tignoolajiyada ee dahaarka polyurethane (WPU) ee biyaha ka dhasha ayaa sii socda. Sannadka 2025, hal-abuurnimada warshadaha ee kobcinta caanaha, wax ka beddelka kiimikaad, iyo naqshadaynta shaqaynta waxay ku dureen firfircooni cusub qaybtan.
Qoto-dheeraynta Nidaamka Aasaasiga ah: Laga soo bilaabo "Rtio Tuning" ilaa "Balance Performance"
Isaga oo ah "hogaamiyaha wax qabad" ee ka mid ah dahaarka biyaha ee hadda jira, laba qaybood oo ka kooban polyurethane (WB 2K-PUR) ayaa wajahaya caqabad muhiim ah: isu dheelitirka saamiga iyo waxqabadka nidaamyada polyol. Sannadkan, kooxaha cilmi-baadhistu waxay sameeyeen sahan qoto-dheer oo ku saabsan saamaynta isku-dhafka ah ee polyether polyol (PTMEG) iyo polyester polyol (P1012).
Dhaqan ahaan, polyester polyol waxay kor u qaadaysaa daahan xoogga farsamada iyo cufnaanta ay sabab u tahay curaarta hydrogen intermolecular cufan, laakiin ku darida xad dhaafka ah waxay yaraynaysaa caabbinta biyaha sababtoo ah hydrophilicity xooggan ee kooxaha esterka. Tijaabooyinku waxay xaqiijiyeen in marka P1012 ay ku xisaabtanto 40% (g/g) ee nidaamka polyol, "dheellitirka dahabiga ah" la gaaro: bond bonds waxay kordhisaa cufnaanta jireed iyada oo aan lahayn hydrophilicity xad-dhaaf ah, hagaajinta waxqabadka dhamaystiran ee daahan - oo ay ku jiraan caabbinta buufinta cusbada, caabbinta biyaha, iyo xoogga xajinta. Gabagabadani waxay siinaysaa hagitaan cad WB 2K-PUR naqshadaynta qaacidada aasaasiga ah, gaar ahaan xaaladaha sida chassis baabuurta iyo qaybaha biraha tareenka ee u baahan labadaba waxqabadka farsamada iyo iska caabinta daxalka.
"Isku-darka Qallafsanaanta iyo Dabacsanaanta": Wax ka beddelka Kiimikada ayaa furaysa xuduudo shaqayneed oo cusub
Iyadoo hagaajinta saamiga aasaasiga ahi ay tahay "habayn wanaagsan," wax ka beddelka kiimikaadku wuxuu ka dhigan yahay "boodboodka tayada" ee polyurethane-ka biyaha ka dhasha. Laba dariiqo oo wax ka beddel ah ayaa soo baxay sanadkan:
Jidka 1: Kobcinta Isku-dhafka ah ee Polysiloxane iyo Terpene Derivatives
Isku darka polysiloxane-tamar-hooseeya (PMMS) iyo soosaarayaasha terpene hydrophobic waxay siisay WPU leh sifooyin laba-gees ah oo ah "superhydrophobicity + qallafsanaan sare." Cilmi-baadhayaashu waxay diyaariyeen polysiloxane hydroxyl-la joojiyay (PMMS) iyadoo la adeegsanayo 3-mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane iyo octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, ka dibna la tallaalay isobornyl acrylate (oo ka soo jeeda bioomass-derived camphene) oo ku dheji silsiladaha dhinaca PMMS iyada oo loo marayo UV-ku-saleysan thiol-terpexane-ku-tiirsanaanta Pm.
WPU-da wax laga beddelay ayaa muujisay horumar la taaban karo: xagasha xidhiidhka biyaha ee taagan ayaa ka booday 70.7° ilaa 101.2° (ku dhawaada caleen lotus-u eg superhydrophobicity), nuugista biyaha ayaa hoos uga dhacday 16.0% ilaa 6.9%, iyo xooga adkaysiga oo kor uga kacay 4.70MPa ilaa 8.82MPa. Falanqaynta Thermogravimetric ayaa sidoo kale muujisay xasilloonida kulaylka oo la xoojiyey. Farsamadani waxay bixisaa xal isku dhafan "ka-hortagga wasakhda + cimilada u adkaysta" ee qaybaha bannaanka ee tareenka tareenka sida saqafka saqafka iyo goonnada dhinacyada.
Jidka 2: Isku xidhka Polyimine wuxuu sahlaa tignoolajiyada "Is-bogsiinta"
Is-bogsiinta ayaa u soo baxday sida tignoolajiyada caanka ah ee dahaarka, cilmi-baaristii sanadkan waxay ku biirisay waxqabadka farsamada ee WPU si loo gaaro guulo laba geesood ah "waxqabad sare + awoodda is-bogsiinta." Crosslinked WPU oo lagu diyaariyey polybutylene glycol (PTMG), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), iyo polyimine (PEI) sida crosslinker waxay soo bandhigtay sifooyin farsamo oo cajiib ah: xoogga jilicsan ee 17.12MPa iyo dhererka jebinta 512.25% (ku dhow dabacsanaanta caagga).
Muhiimad ahaan, waxay ku gaartaa is-bogsiin buuxda 24 saacadood 30 ° C - waxay ku soo kabsanaysaa 3.26MPa xoogga xajinta iyo 450.94% dhererka ka dib dayactirka. Tani waxay ka dhigeysaa mid aad ugu habboon qaybaha u nugul xoqidda sida gawaarida gawaarida iyo gudaha tareennada tareenada, si weyn u yareynaya kharashka dayactirka.
"Nanoscale Intelligent Control": "Kacaan Dusha Sare" ee Dahaarka Ka-hortagga Foolnimada
Ka-hortagga qoraallada iyo nadiifinta fudud ayaa ah shuruudaha ugu muhiimsan ee daaha-dhamaadka sare. Sannadkan, dahaarka u adkaysta wasakhda (NP-GLIDE) ee ku salaysan "dareere-sida PDMS nanopools" ayaa soo jiitay dareenka. Mabda'eeda asaasiga ah waxay ku lug leedahay ku-tallaalidda silsiladaha dhinaca polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) oo lagu dhejiyo laf dhabarta polyol-biyoodka ee la kala firdhi karo iyada oo la adeegsanayo polyol-g-PDMS copolymer, taasoo samaynaysa "nanopools" oo ka yar 30nm dhexroor.
Kobcinta PDMS ee nanopools-kan waxay siinaysaa daaha dusha "dareere u eg" -dhammaan dareerayaasha tijaabinta leh xiisadda dusha sare ka sarreysa 23mN/m Inkasta oo ay adag tahay 3H (ku dhow muraayadda caadiga ah), dahaarka wuxuu ilaaliyaa waxqabadka wanaagsan ee ka hortagga.
Intaa waxaa dheer, "caqabadda jireed + nadiifinta khafiifka ah" istaraatiijiyad ka-hortagga qoraallada ayaa la soo jeediyay: soo bandhigida trimer IPDI ee polyisocyanate ku salaysan HDT si kor loogu qaado cufnaanta filimka loogana hortago dhexgalka qoraallada, iyada oo la xakameynayo socdaalka qaybaha silikoon / fluorine si loo hubiyo in tamar hoose oo dheer ay waarto. Marka lagu daro DMA (Falanqaynta Mechanical Dynamic) ee xakamaynta cufnaanta saxda ah ee isku dhafka ah iyo XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) ee sifaynta socdaalka interface, tignoolajiyadaani waxay diyaar u tahay warshadaynta waxaana la filayaa inay noqoto bartilmaameed cusub oo ka-hortagga wasakhda rinjiga baabuurta iyo daboolka alaabta 3C.
Gabagabo
2025, tignoolajiyada dahaarka WPU waxay ka guuraysaa "horumarka hal-waxqabadka" una guurto "is-dhexgalka hawl-qabadka badan." Haddi loo marayo kobcinta qaacidooyinka aasaasiga ah, horumarka wax ka beddelka kiimikaad, ama hal-abuurnimada naqshadaynta shaqaynaysa, caqligu udub-dhexaadku waxa uu ku wareegayaa is-dhexgalka "saaxiibtinimada deegaanka" iyo "waxqabadka sare." Warshadaha sida baabuurta iyo gaadiidka tareenada, horumarkan tignoolajiyada kaliya maaha in ay kordhiyaan cimriga daahan oo ay yareeyaan kharashaadka dayactirka laakiin sidoo kale waxa ay kordhiyaan laba casriyaynta “wax soo saarka cagaaran” iyo “khibrada isticmaale ee dhamaadka-sare”.
Waqtiga boostada: Nov-14-2025