Isticmaalka Suuqa ee Khamriga Balaastikada ah

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, khamriga balaastikada ah ee ugu badan ee la isticmaalo waa 2-propylheptanol (2-PH) iyo isononyl alcohol (INA), kuwaas oo inta badan lagu isticmaalo soo saarista balaastikada jiilka soo socda. Esters-ka laga sameeyay khamriga sare sida 2-PH iyo INA waxay bixiyaan badbaado iyo saaxiibtinimo deegaan oo weyn.

2-PH waxay la falgashaa phthalic anhydride si ay u sameyso di(2-propylheptyl) phthalate (DPHP). Badeecadaha PVC ee balaastikada lagu sameeyay DPHP waxay muujiyaan dahaadh koronto oo heer sare ah, iska caabbinta cimilada, isbeddel yar, iyo sifooyin fiisiko-kiimikada oo hooseeya, taasoo ka dhigaysa kuwo si weyn loogu dabaqi karo fiilooyinka, qalabka guryaha, filimada qaybaha baabuurta, iyo balaastikada sagxadda. Intaa waxaa dheer, 2-PH waxaa loo isticmaali karaa in lagu sameeyo walxaha aan ionic ahayn ee waxqabadka sare leh ee guud ahaan loogu talagalay. Sannadkii 2012, BASF iyo Sinopec Yangzi Petrochemical waxay si wadajir ah u wakiisheen xarun wax soo saar 2-PH ah oo 80,000-ton ah sannadkii, warshaddii ugu horreysay ee 2-PH ee Shiinaha. Sannadkii 2014, Shirkadda Kiimikada Dhuxusha ee Shenhua Baotou waxay bilowday cutub wax soo saar 2-PH ah oo 60,000-ton ah sannadkii, mashruucii ugu horreeyay ee 2-PH ah oo ku salaysan dhuxusha Shiinaha. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, dhowr shirkadood oo leh mashaariicda dhuxusha-ilaa-olefin ayaa qorsheynaya xarumo 2-PH ah, oo ay ku jiraan Yanchang Petroleum (80,000 tan/sanadkii), Shiinaha Coal Shaanxi Yulin (60,000 tan/sanadkii), iyo Inner Mongolia Daxin (72,700 tan/sanadkii).

INA waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa soo saarista diisononyl phthalate (DINP), oo ah balaastig muhiim ah oo loogu talagalay guud ahaan. Golaha Caalamiga ah ee Warshadaha Alaabta Carruurtu waxay u arkeen DINP mid aan khatar ku ahayn carruurta, baahideeda sii kordheysa sannadihii la soo dhaafayna waxay keentay kororka isticmaalka INA. DINP waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa baabuurta, fiilooyinka, sagxadaha, dhismaha, iyo qaybaha kale ee warshadaha. Bishii Oktoobar 2015, shirkad wadajir ah oo 50:50 ah oo u dhaxaysa Sinopec iyo BASF ayaa si rasmi ah u bilowday wax soo saar warshad INA ah oo 180,000-tan ah sannadkii ku taal Maoming, Guangdong - oo ah xarunta kaliya ee wax soo saarka INA ee Shiinaha. Isticmaalka gudaha wuxuu taagan yahay qiyaastii 300,000 tan, taasoo ka dhigaysa farqiga sahayda. Kahor mashruucan, Shiinuhu wuxuu si buuxda ugu tiirsanaa soo dejinta INA, iyadoo 286,000 tan la soo dhoofiyay 2016.

Labada 2-PH iyo INA waxaa lagu soo saaraa iyadoo la falgalo butenes-ka ka soo jeeda durdurrada C4 iyadoo la adeegsanayo syngas (H₂ iyo CO). Hawshu waxay isticmaashaa kiciyeyaasha isku dhafan ee birta sharafta leh, isku-darka iyo xulashada kiciyeyaashani waxay weli yihiin caqabado muhiim ah oo ku jira wax soo saarka gudaha ee 2-PH iyo INA. Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, dhowr hay'adood oo cilmi-baaris ah oo Shiinees ah ayaa horumar ka sameeyay tignoolajiyada wax soo saarka INA iyo horumarinta kiciyeyaasha. Tusaale ahaan, Shaybaarka Kiimikada C1 ee Jaamacadda Tsinghua wuxuu isticmaalay octenes isku dhafan oo ka yimid oligomerization-ka butene sidii quudin iyo kiciye rhodium ah oo leh triphenylphosphine oxide oo ah ligand, isagoo gaaraya 90% wax soo saar isononal ah, taasoo siinaysa aasaas adag oo lagu kordhinayo warshadaha.