Inta lagu guda jiro warshadaha saliidda iyo kiimikada ee dalkayga laga bilaabo wax soo saarka baaxadda weyn ilaa wax soo saarka tayada sare leh, natiijooyin cusub oo ku saabsan cilmiga cusub ee agabka cusub oo leh heerarka hoose ee gelitaanka iyadoo shirkadaha maxalliga ah ay hooseeyaan ayaa soo ifbaxay sida boqoshaada, labadoodana, polyolefin elastomers (POE), fiber carbon fiber, iyo fiber carbon. Xaaladda agabka cusub sida balaastikada balaastigga ah ee baaba'aya iyo agabka kale ee cusub waa mid xiiso leh. Shirkii is-weydaarsiga shaqada cilmi-baarista sayniska ee dugsiga 6aad iyo xiriirka warshadaha batroolka iyo kiimikada ee Shiinaha oo lagu qabtay Shanghai Abriil 20, Luo Qiming, oo ah agaasime ku xigeenka Waaxda Sayniska iyo Teknolojiyadda iyo Qalabka ee Xiriirka Batroolka, ayaa shanleeyay oo kala saaray oo kaydiyay.
Alaabada muhiimka ah ee ceeriin ee dabiiciga ah ayaa horumar sameeyay
Adiponitrile waa walax ceeriin ah oo muhiim ah oo ka samaysan nayloon 66, taasoo ay adag tahay in farsamo ahaan la soo saaro. Ilaa hadda, suuqa wax soo saarka waxaa gacanta ku hayay Invista. Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, iyadoo si degdeg ah loo sameeyay fiber-ka kiimikada, balaastikada injineernimada iyo beeraha kale, goobta codsiga nayloon 66 waa mid aad u ballaaran, tiro shirkado gudaha ah ayaa sameeyay horumarro ku aaddan cilmi-baarista iyo horumarinta iyo warshadaynta adiponitrile, mashaariicda adiponitrile ayaa bilaabmay.
Luo Qiming wuxuu soo bandhigay in ay jiraan laba waddo oo farsamo oo muhiim ah oo lagu sameeyo cilmi-baarista gudaha iyo horumarinta adipdinitrile, kuwaas oo kala ah habka adipdinic acid iyo habka butadiene.
Kooxda Chongqing Huafeng Group waxay dhisaysaa warshad adipdinitrile ah oo qaadi karta 200,000-tan oo ku salaysan warshad adipdinitrile ah oo qaadi karta 100,000-tan oo la dhammayn doono sanadka 2020 iyadoo la adeegsanayo habka adipdinic acid.
Habka butadiene sidoo kale waa tiknoolajiyadda ay isticmaasho Invista, taas oo leh faa'iidooyinka habka gaaban ee loo maro, kharashka alaabta ceeriin oo hooseeya iyo tayada wax soo saarka oo wanaagsan. Ka dib sannado cilmi baaris iyo horumarin ah, China Chemical Tianchen Qixiang New Materials Co., LTD., isticmaalka dhismaha tignoolajiyada hydrocyanidation tooska ah ee butadiene oo ah 200,000 tan/sanadkii adiponitrile ayaa sidoo kale furay silsiladda warshadaha oo dhan waxayna si guul leh u bilaabatay.
Sida uu sheegay weriyuhu, saamiyada dhismaha mashruuca 50 tan/sannadkii ee habka butadiene adipdinitrile ayaa sidoo kale la bilaabi doonaa dhammaadka sanadkan.
Soo dejinta noocyada sare ee polyolefin
"Hawsha polyethylene-gaaska dareeraha ah iyo habka polypropylene-ka tuubada, oo leh xuquuq hanti-gaaseed oo madax-bannaan, labaduba waxaa laga sameeyay dalkeenna. "Alaabada polyolefin-ka ee heerka sare ah sida POE iyo UHMWPE (polyethylene-ka tirada badan ee molecular-ka) ayaa riixa badhanka 'dardar-gelinta' si loo soo saaro." Luo Qiming ayaa yiri markii uu ka hadlayay horumarinta noocyada polyolefin-ka ee heerka sare ah.
POE waa mid ka mid ah walxaha ugu cufnaanta yar ee walxaha macmalka ah, waana agab muhiim u ah diyaarinta jiil cusub oo filim sawir-qaadis ah. Sinopec, oo bilowday inay sahamiso tignoolajiyada warshadaha POE 20 sano ka hor, ayaa hadda ka faa'iideysanaysa. Wariyuhu wuxuu ogaaday in Bandhigga Caalamiga ah ee Kaarboorka iyo Balaastikada ee Shiinaha ee 35-aad ee dhawaan la soo gabagabeeyay, Sinopec ay soo saartay taxane ah alaabooyin cusub oo ay ku jiraan POE elastomer, Sinopec ay noqotay bixiyaha shatiga tignoolajiyada gudaha ee ugu horreeya oo leh POE dhammaystiran oo ah xuquuqda hantida garaadka ee madax-bannaan.
Isla mar ahaantaana, Wanhua Chemical iyo kuwa kale waxay leeyihiin shuruudo lagu warshadeynayo POE. Xogtu waxay muujineysaa in laga bilaabo Maarso 2023, awoodda wax soo saarka gudaha ee loo qorsheeyay in laga dhiso Shiinaha ay gaartay 2.1 milyan oo tan. 2 ilaa 3 sano ee soo socota, dalkaygu wuxuu ku dhow yahay inuu horseedo kobaca wax soo saarka POE.
Iyada oo leh waxqabadkeeda wanaagsan ee wax soo saarka, UHMWPE waxay dareen badan ka heshay shirkadaha batroolka iyo tamarta sannadihii ugu dambeeyay. Sida laga soo xigtay weriyaha, tan iyo Luulyo 2022, Daqing Petrochemical, Jiangsu Sturbang, iyo Machadka Cilmi-baarista Kiimikada ee Shanghai ayaa ku soo biiray warshadaha UHMWPE qaab wax soo saar cusub ama ballaarinta tamarta. Kuwaas waxaa ka mid ah, jihada badeecada Daqing Petrochemical inta badan waa diaphragm-ka baytariga lithium. Jihada badeecada ee 20,000 tan/sanadka rakibidda Jiangsu Serbon waxay sidoo kale inta badan ku salaysan tahay diaphragm-ka baytariga lithium iyo walxaha fiber-ka. Maaddada fiber-ka, walaxda diaphragm-ka baytariga lithium iyo resin-ka dhalaalaya ayaa ah kuwa ugu muhiimsan.
Bishii Maarso ee la soo dhaafay, qalabka UHMWPE ee tuubada giraanta stasis ee 30,000-tan ee Machadka Cilmi-baarista Kiimikada ee Shanghai ayaa la soo saaray, taasoo calaamad u ah in dalkaygu uu gaaray horumarro waaweyn oo ku saabsan farsamada gacanta iyo tignoolajiyada ugu horreysa adduunka. Diaphragm-ka baytariyada fiber-ka sare iyo lithium-ka ayaa bixiya resin aasaasi ah.
Tiknoolajiyadda ugu horreysa ee walxaha bayoolojiga ah
Hirgelinta xaddidaadda nidaamka balaastikada ayaa "dab" ku kordhinaysa horumarinta iyo soo saarista agabka baaba'aya. Sida laga soo xigtay Luo Qiming, dalkaygu wuxuu bartay polycolic acid (PGA), polynxyl -bonol (PBS), polyphonal acid -hexyl -bonol (PBAT), polystumin (PLA), Polybon (PCL), Polycarbonate (PPC), Polycroxy Fatty acid ester (PHA) iyo teknoolojiyada kale ee wax soo saarka warshadaha, waxay daboolaan qaybta ugu weyn ee balaastikada baaba'aysa, waxayna dhiseen noocyada balaastikada baaba'aya ee adduunka. Nidaamka warshadaha oo dhammaystiran.
PLA hadda waa agabka ugu burburka badan cilmi-baarista iyo codsiga. Tiknoolajiyada muhiimka ah ayaa horumar ka sameeyay Shiinaha, waxayna si buuxda ula tartami karaan alaabada dibadda laga keeno. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira noocyo badan oo cusub oo resin ah oo burburi kara markii ugu horreysay dalkayga, sida PGA, polytic benzonite dilate (PBST), iyo caagga polyester-ka ee ugu horreeya ee burburi kara ee dalkayga Essence.
Sida laga soo xigtay wariyeyaasha, Shirkadda Shanghai Dong Geng waxay samaysay tiknoolajiyad madax-bannaan oo ku saabsan waddada sharciga ah ee PGA ee furitaanka ethyl ester, kaas oo heli kara PGA heer caafimaad; Xarunta Cilmi-baarista Qalabka Jirka ee Sare ee Jaamicadda Kiimikada ee Beijing ayaa ka gudubta caagga polymer-ka ee isku-dhafan ee cufnaanta sare leh. Habka wax-soo-saarka joogtada ah wuxuu sameeyay substrate bayooloji ah si loo burburiyo walxaha caagga polyester-ka loona dhammeeyo tijaabada tijaabada ah ee kumanaan tan.
Hawsha cusub ee caagga macmal ah ayaa buuxinaysa farqiga
Wax ka beddelka shaqada ee caagga polystyrene butadiene ee milmay waa mowduuc aad looga hadal hayo suuqa caagga polystyrene butadiene ee milmay, kaas oo si weyn u hagaajin kara sifooyinka alaabta caagga ah, laakiin ma jiraan wax soo saar warshadeed oo laga bilaabay Shiinaha. Bishii Maajo 2021, petrochina, Jaamacadda Tongji iyo Jaamacadda Tiknoolajiyadda Dalian ayaa si wadajir ah u sameeyay tignoolajiyada isku-darka caagga polystyrene butadiene ee milmay, waxayna dhammaystireen qalabkii ugu horreeyay ee qalab caagga polystyrene butadiene ee milmay ee Dushanzi Petrochemical ee Shiinaha. Badeecada waxaa lagu dabaqay caagga taayirada cagaaran.
Kaarboorka Neoprene waa mid ka mid ah agabka muhiimka ah ee istaraatiijiyadda dhaqaalaha qaranka iyo warshadaha difaaca qaranka. Laakiin soo saarista butadiene ee habka caagga neoprene waa mid adag, tignoolajiyada qalabka asaasiga ah waa mid adag. Jinjiao Hi-tech (Shanghai) Co., LTD., ayaa jabisay "laf-adag", waxay soo saartay hab cusub oo ah caagga neoprene butadiene, waxayna dhammaystirtay tijaabadii tijaabada ahayd. "Marka la barbardhigo habkayaga dhaqameed ee kaalshiyamka carbide, geeddi-socodku wuxuu gaari karaa heer sare oo dhammaystiran oo ku saabsan kharashka wax soo saarka iyo tayada wax soo saarka," ayuu yiri Luo Qiming.
Waxyaabaha ugu muhiimsan ee balaastikada injineernimada iyo fiilooyinka gaarka ah ayaa caan ah
Faybarka kaarboonka, oo loo yaqaan "Boqorka Agabka Cusub", waa qalab cusub oo istiraatiiji ah oo lama huraan u ah dhaqaalaha qaranka iyo dhismaha difaaca qaranka. Dalkaygu hadda wuxuu noqday waddankii saddexaad ee leh tiknoolajiyadda fiber-ka kaarboonka ee waxqabadka sare leh marka laga reebo Japan iyo Mareykanka. "Faybarka kaarboonka ee heerka T300 ee dalkaygu wuxuu gaaray heerka alaabada shisheeye ee la midka ah; Faybarka kaarboonka ee heerka T700 iyo T800 wuxuu gaaray wax soo saar warshadeed; Tiknoolajiyada muhiimka ah ee fiber-ka kaarboonka ee heerka T1000 iyo M55J waxay sameeyeen horumarro ku aaddan tignoolajiyada muhiimka ah, waxayna bilaabeen inay soo saaraan." Luo Qiming ayaa yiri.
Faybarka polytamide ee heerka sare leh wuxuu leeyahay rajo ballaaran oo ku saabsan codsiyada meelaha heerka sare ah sida duulista hawada, hawada sare, elektaroonigga, iyo ilaalinta. Jaamacadda Tiknoolajiyadda Kiimikada ee Beijing waxay samaysay tignoolajiyada wax soo saarka fiilada polytamide ee heerka sare leh, taas oo adeegsata tignoolajiyadan si ay u dhisto khadka wax soo saarka fiilada polytamide ee heerka sare leh ee ugu horreeya gudaha iyo dibadda, iyo sameynta taxane alaab ah.
Intaa waxaa dheer, ketone-ka phenolic polyford polyford etherone ee ay samaysay Jaamacadda Sayniska iyo Teknolojiyadda ee Dalian iyo Akadeemiyada Sayniska ee Shiinaha ee Dalian ayaa sidoo kale ah kii ugu horreeyay adduunka, dhammaan aaladaha warshadahana waa la dhisay.
Kiimikooyinka elektaroonigga ah si dhakhso leh ayay u horumaraan
Kobaca degdegga ah ee warshadaha tamarta cusub ayaa keenay kiimikooyinka elektaroonigga ah fursadda horumarinta, tartanka shirkado badan oo gudaha ahina wuxuu galay horumar degdeg ah si loo horumariyo tignoolajiyada kiimikada elektaroonigga ah.
Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, awoodda fosfate-ka heerka warshadaha iyo heerka cuntada ee dalkaygu aad ayay u badnayd, laakiin agabka muhiimka ah ee wax soo saarka jajabka sida fosfate-ka heerka elektaroonigga ah ee aadka u sarreeya ayaa si buuxda ugu tiirsan soo dejinta. Ka dib in ka badan 10 sano oo dadaallo aan kala go 'lahayn ah, fosfate-ka heerka elektaroonigga ah ee aadka u sarreeya ee Xingfa Group wuxuu gaaray heerka daahirnimada fosfate-ka laga bilaabo "3 9″ ilaa "9 9″".
Aashitada hydrofluoric-ga ee heerka elektaroonigga ah waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa nadiifinta iyo daxalka wareegyada isku dhafan iyo jajabyada wareegga ee isku dhafan ee baaxadda weyn. Mid ka mid ah hoggaamiyeyaasha kiimikada elektaroonigga ah ee gudaha ayaa si rasmi ah u galay nidaamka alaab-qeybiyaha ee u qalma TSMC bishii Maajo 2022, wuxuuna bilaabay inuu eego. Bixinta dufcaddii agabyada kiimikada elektaroonigga ah ee saafiga ah, kuwaas oo inta badan ah asiidhyada hydrofluoric-ga ee heerka semiconductor-ka.
Intaa waxaa dheer, kiimikooyin elektaroonig ah oo qoyan oo ay samaysay oo ay soo saartay Suzhou Jingrui, sida hydrogen peroxide iyo sulfuric acid, Haohua Gas, nitrogen trifluoride ee Machadka Sinoship 718, gaaska chlorine ee saafiga ah iyo hydrogen chloride ee gaaska Taihe, gaaska gaarka ah ee horudhaca ah ee Jiangsu Jacque, suufka lagu nadiifiyo Hubei Dinglong iyo kiimikooyinka kale ee elektaroonigga ah ayaa sidoo kale buuxiyay shuruudaha wax soo saarka chip-ka habka horumarsan.
"Horumarinta sawir-qaadista argon fluoride ee jajabyada habka horumarsan, kaas oo ah kan ugu adag, ayaa weli ah caqabad." Luo Qiming ayaa sheegay in inkastoo cutubyo badan oo gudaha ah ay u kala horreeyaan monomer resin, photoinitiator, solvent ilaa photoresist si wax looga qabto silsiladda warshadaha oo dhan, laakiin hadda qayb ka mid ah badeecadaha ayaa galay tijaabada ganacsiga ee hoose.
Waqtiga boostada: Maajo-08-2023