OXALIC ACIID

Oxalic acidwaa walax organic ah.Qaabka kiimikada waa H₂C₂O₄.Waa wax soo saarka dheef-shiid kiimikaadka noolaha.Waa aashito daciif ah oo laba ka kooban.Waxay si ballaaran ugu qaybsan tahay dhirta, xayawaanka, iyo jidhka fungal.Waxay qabataa hawlo kala duwan oo ku jira noolaha kala duwan.Sidaa darteed, oxalic acid waxaa badanaa loo arkaa inuu yahay ka soo horjeeda nuugista iyo isticmaalka walxaha macdanta.Anhydride keedu waa kaarboon trioxide.

Astaamaha:xaashi monokilin ah oo aan midab lahayn ama crystal prismatic ama budo cad, oxalic acid aan ur lahayn oksaydhka, dhadhanka oxalic acid by synthesis.Sublimation at 150 ~ 160 ℃.Waxaa lagu dabooli karaa hawo kulul oo qalalan.1g waxa uu ku milmay 7ml oo biyo ah,2ml biyo karkaraya,2.5mL ethanol,1.8mL ethanol karkarin,100ml ether,5.5mL glycerin,iyo aan milmin benzene,chloroform iyo petroleum ether.Xalka 0.1mol/L wuxuu leeyahay pH 1.3.Cufnaanta qaraabada ah (biyaha =1) waa 1.653.Barta dhalaalka 189.5 ℃.

Waxyaabaha kiimikaad:Oxalic acid, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaano glycolic acid, ayaa si weyn looga helaa cuntooyinka dhirta.Oxalic acid waa crystal columnar aan midab lahayn, milmay biyaha halkii ay ka heli lahaayeen dareerayaasha organic sida ether,

Oxalate waxay leedahay saameyn isuduwidda oo xooggan waana nooc kale oo ah wakiilka birta ah ee ku jira cuntada dhirta.Marka oxalic acid lagu daro qaar ka mid ah walxaha birta dhulka alkaline, milmaheeda si weyn ayaa loo yareeyaa, sida oxalate calcium wuxuu ku dhow yahay in lagu milmo biyaha.Sidaa darteed, joogitaanka oxalic acid waxay saameyn weyn ku leedahay bioavailability ee macdanta muhiimka ah;Marka oxalic acid lagu daro qaar ka mid ah walxaha birta ah ee ku-meel-gaarka ah, dhismooyinka milmay ayaa la sameeyay sababtoo ah ficil-dubbaridka oxalic acid, iyo milmahoodu si weyn ayaa loo kordhiyaa.

Oxalic acid wuxuu bilaabay inuu hoos u dhigo 100 ℃, si degdeg ah ayaa hoos loogu dhigay 125 ℃, waxaana la hoos dhigay 157 ℃, wuxuuna bilaabay inuu qudhmo.

Waxay ka falcelin kartaa alkali, waxay soo saari kartaa esterification, acyl halogenation, falcelinta amide.Dareen-celinta dhimista ayaa sidoo kale dhici karta, fal-celinta decarboxylation waxay ku dhici kartaa kulaylka hoostiisa.Anhydrous oxalic acid waa hygroscopic.Aashitada Oxalic waxay samaysaa dhismayaal biyo-milmi leh oo leh biro badan.

Oxalate caadiga ah:1, Sodium oxalate;2, Potassium oxalate;3, Calcium oxalate;4, Oxalate Ferrous;5, Antimony oxalate;6, Ammonium hydrogen oxalate;7, Magnesium oxalate 8, Lithium oxalate.

Codsiga:

1.Wakiilada isku dhafan, wakiilka waji-xidhka, wakiilka soo daadaya, wakiilka yaraynta.Waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu go'aamiyo beryllium, calcium, chromium, dahab, manganese, strontium, thorium iyo ion bir kale.Falanqaynta Picocrystal ee sodium iyo walxaha kale.Soo daadi kalsiyum, magnesium, thorium iyo curiyeyaasha dhulka naadir.Xalka caadiga ah ee cabbiraadda potassium permanganate iyo xalalka sulfate cerous.WalaxoKaalmada dheehaWaxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa in laga saaro miridhka dharka ee warshadaha dhismaha ka hor inta aan la cadaynayn daahan derbiga dibadda, sababtoo ah derbiga alkaline waa mid xooggan waa in marka hore buraashka oxalic acid alkali.

2. Warshadaha dawooyinka loo isticmaalo soo saarista aureomycin, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, borneol, vitamin B12, phenobarbital iyo daawooyinka kale.Warshadaha daabacaadda iyo midabaynta loo isticmaalo sida gargaarka midabka, warankiilo, dhexdhexaad caafimaad.Warshadaha caaga ah ee wax soo saarka PVC, balaastikada amino, urea - balaastikada formaldehyde.

3. Loo isticmaalo kicin ahaan isku-dhafka resin phenolic, fal-celinta catalytic waa mid khafiif ah, geeddi-socodku waa mid deggan, muddadana waa tan ugu dheer.Xalka acetone oxalate wuxuu kicin karaa falcelinta daweynta resin epoxy wuxuuna soo gaabin karaa wakhtiga daawaynta.Waxa kale oo loo istcimaalaa sidii urea synthetic formaldehyde resin, melamine formaldehyde resin pH regulator.Waxa kale oo lagu dari karaa polyvinyl formaldehyde koollada biyaha ku milma si loo hagaajiyo xawaaraha qalajinta iyo xoogga isku xidhka.Waxa kale oo loo isticmaalaa sida urea formaldehyde resin, wakiilka chelating birta.Waxaa loo isticmaali karaa dardar-geliye diyaarinta xabagta istaarijka leh ee KMnO4 oxidant si loo dardargeliyo heerka oksaydhka loona gaabiyo wakhtiga falcelinta.

Sida wakiilka bleaching:

Oxalic acid waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa sida hoos u dhigista wakiilka iyo warankiilo, loo isticmaalo soo saarista antibiyootiga iyo borneol iyo daawooyinka kale, iyo sidoo kale sifaynta dareeraha biraha dhif ah, wakiilka dheeha yareeya, wakiilka harag, iwm.

Oxalic acid waxa kale oo loo isticmaali karaa soo saarida cobalt-molybdenum-aluminum kiciyayaal, nadiifinta biraha iyo marmarka, iyo bleaching ee dunta.

Loo isticmaalo nadiifinta dusha birta ah iyo daawaynta, soo saarista curiyaha dhulka naadir, daabacaadda dunta iyo midabaynta, farsamaynta maqaarka, diyaarinta kicinta, iwm.

Sida wakiilka dhimista:

In warshadaha synthesis organic waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa in wax soo saarka ee hydroquinone, pentaerythritol, cobalt oxalate, nickel oxalate, gallic acid iyo waxyaabaha kale ee kiimikada.

Warshadaha caaga ah ee wax soo saarka PVC, balaastikada amino, urea - balaastig formaldehyde, rinjiga, iwm.

Warshadaha dheeha waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu sameeyo cagaarka salka iyo wixii la mid ah.

Warshadaha daabacaadda iyo midabaynta waxay bedeli karaan acetic acid, oo loo isticmaalo sida gargaarka midabka midabka, wakiilka biliijka.

Warshadaha dawooyinka ee soo saarista aureomycin, tetracycline, streptomycin, ephedrine.

Intaa waxaa dheer, oxalic acid ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa in la isku daro oxalate ester kala duwan, oxalate iyo oxalamide alaabta, iyo diethyl oxalate, sodium oxalate, calcium oxalate iyo alaabta kale ayaa ah kuwa ugu wax soo saarka badan.

Habka kaydinta:

1. Ku xidh meel qalalan oo qabow.Si adag oo qoyaanka u adkaysta, biyaha-ilaalinta iyo cadceedda.Heerkulka kaydinta waa inuusan dhaafin 40 ℃.

2. Ka fogow oxides iyo walxaha alkaline.Isticmaal bacaha tolmada leh ee polypropylene oo lagu dahaadhay baco, 25kg/bac.

Guud ahaan, oxalic acid waa kiimiko kala duwan oo leh codsiyo badan oo warshado kala duwan ah.Guryaheedu waxa ay ka dhigaan doorasho ku habboon nadiifinta, sifaynta iyo bleaching, waxayna leedahay codsiyo badan oo ku saabsan warshadaha dharka, beerta iyo biraha.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, taxaddarrada badbaadada waa in la sameeyaa marka la isticmaalayo kiimikadaan, maadaama ay sun tahay oo ay waxyeello yeelan karto haddii aan si habboon loo maamulin.