Tetrahydrofuran, oo loo soo gaabiyo THF, waa isku-darka dabiiciga ah ee heterocyclic. Waxay ka tirsan tahay fasalka ether, waana isku-darka udgoon ee furan oo dhammaystiran oo ah badeeco hydrogenation ah.
Tetrahydrofuran waa mid ka mid ah ether-yada ugu xooggan ee polar-ka. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa sidii dareere dhexdhexaad ah oo polar ah oo ku jira falgallada kiimikada iyo soo saarista. Waa dareere aan midab lahayn oo isbeddela heerkulka qolka wuxuuna leeyahay ur la mid ah ether. Waxaa lagu milmi karaa biyaha, ethanol, ether, acetone, Chemicalbook benzene iyo dareerayaasha kale ee ugu badan ee dabiiciga ah, oo loo yaqaan "dareeraha guud". Heerkulka qolka iyo biyaha qayb ahaan waa la isku milmi karaa, ganacsi sharci darro ah oo reagent ah ayaa ah inay u isticmaalaan bartan si ay u helaan tetrahydrofuran reagent biyo faa'iido leh. Sababtoo ah u janjeera THF inay samayso peroxides kaydsan, antioksidant BHT waxaa badanaa lagu daraa alaabada warshadaha. Qoyaanka ku jira ≦0.2%. Waxay leedahay astaamaha sunta yar, dhibic karkaraya oo yar iyo dareere wanaagsan.
Sifooyinka kiimikada:dareere aan midab lahayn oo hufan, oo leh ur ether ah. Lagu qasay biyo, aalkolo, ketone, benzene, ester, ester, iyo hydrocarbons.
Codsiyada ugu muhiimsan:
1. Alaabada ceeriin ee falgalka isku-darka spandex:
Tetrahydrofuran lafteedu waxay noqon kartaa polycondensation (iyadoo dib-u-habeyn lagu sameeyo cationic ring-opening repolymerization) oo loo beddelo polytetramethylene ether diol (PTMEG), oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan tetrahydrofuran homopolyl. PTMEG iyo toluene diisocyanate (TDI) oo laga sameeyay iska caabbinta xirashada, iska caabbinta saliidda, waxqabadka heerkulka hooseeya, xoog sare oo caag gaar ah; Qalabka laastikada polyether polyether waxaa lagu diyaariyey dimethyl terephthalate iyo 1, 4-butanediol. PTMEG oo leh miisaan molecular ah oo qaraabo ah oo ah 2000 iyo p-methylene bis (4-phenyl) diisocyanate (MDI) si loo sameeyo fiber polyurethane elastic fiber (SPANDEX fiber), caag gaar ah iyo walxo gaar ah oo dahaarka ah. Isticmaalka ugu muhiimsan ee THF waa soo saarista PTMEG. Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoobyada qallafsan, qiyaastii 80% THF-ka adduunka ayaa loo isticmaalaa soo saarista PTMEG, PTMEG-na waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa soo saarista fiber spandex.
2. Dareeraha leh waxqabad aad u wanaagsan:
Tetrahydrofuran waa dareere aad u fiican oo si caadi ah loo isticmaalo, gaar ahaan ku habboon milmida PVC, polyvinylidene chloride iyo butyl aniline, oo si ballaaran loogu isticmaalo dahaarka dusha sare, dahaarka ka hortagga daxalka, khad daabacan, cajalad iyo dareere dahaarka filimka, oo leh Chemicalbook oo ku jira electroplating dareeraha aluminiumku wuxuu noqon karaa mid si aan kala sooc lahayn loo xakameeyo dhumucda lakabka aluminiumka iyo dhalaalka. Dareeraha loogu talagalay dahaarka cajaladda, dahaarka dusha sare ee PVC, nadiifinta falgalka PVC, ka saarista filimka PVC, dahaarka cellophane, khad daabacan oo balaastig ah, dahaarka polyurethane ee thermoplastic, dhejis, oo si caadi ah loogu isticmaalo dahaarka dusha sare, dahaarka ilaalinta, khad, soosaarayaasha iyo wakiilada daaweynta dusha sare ee maqaarka macmal ah.
3. Waxaa loo isticmaalaa walxo ceeriin ah oo loogu talagalay isku-darka dabiiciga ah sida daawooyinka:
Soo saarista tetrahydrothiophene, 1.4- dichloroethane, 2.3- dichlorotetrahydrofuran, valerolactone, butyl lactone iyo pyrrolidone. Warshadaha dawooyinka, waxaa loo isticmaalaa isku-darka coughbixin, rifumycin, progesterone iyo qaar ka mid ah daawooyinka hoormoonka. Tetrahydrothiophenol waxaa soo saara daaweynta hydrogen sulfide, kaas oo loo isticmaali karo wakiil ur ah gaaska shidaalka (wax lagu daro aqoonsiga), waana dareeraha ugu weyn ee warshadaha dawooyinka.
4. Isticmaalo Kale:
Dareeraha Chromatographic (jel permeation chromatography), oo loo isticmaalo dhadhanka gaaska dabiiciga ah, dareeraha soo saarista acetylene, xasiliyaha iftiinka walxaha polymer, iwm. Iyadoo la adeegsanayo ballaaran ee tetrahydrofuran, gaar ahaan sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, kobaca degdegga ah ee warshadaha polyurethane, baahida loo qabo PTMEG ee dalkeenna ayaa sii kordheysa, baahida loo qabo tetrahydrofuran sidoo kale waxay muujineysaa isbeddel kobac degdeg ah.
Khatar:Tetrahydrofuran waxay ka tirsan tahay dareere guban kara fasalka 3.1 oo leh dhibic yar oo iftiin ah, aad u guban kara, uumiga ayaa samayn kara isku-darka qarxa oo leh hawo, xadka qaraxu waa 1.5% ~ 12% (jajab mugga), oo leh cuncun. Dabeecadeeda aadka u guban karta sidoo kale waa khatar badbaado. Walaaca ugu weyn ee badbaadada ee THFS waa sameynta gaabiska ah ee peroxides-ka dabiiciga ah ee aadka u qarxa marka ay la kulanto hawada. Si loo yareeyo khatartan, THFS-ka ganacsiga laga heli karo waxaa badanaa lagu kabaa 2, 6-di-tert-butylp-cresol (BHT) si loo joojiyo soo saarista peroxides-ka dabiiciga ah. Isla mar ahaantaana, THF waa in aan la qalajin sababtoo ah peroxides-ka dabiiciga ah ayaa ku urursan doona haraaga kala-soocidda.
Taxaddarrada hawlgalka:Hawlgal xiran, hawo-qaadid buuxda. Hawl-wadeennada waa in si gaar ah loo tababaraa oo si adag u raacaan habraacyada hawlgalka. Waxaa lagu talinayaa in hawl-wadeennadu ay xirtaan maaskaro gaas ah oo nooca shaandhada ah (maaskaro badh ah), muraayadaha ilaalinta badbaadada, dharka ka hortagga joogtada ah, iyo galoofyada u adkaysta saliidda caagga ah. Ka fogow dabka, isha kulaylka, sigaar ha ku cabbin goobta shaqada. Isticmaal nidaamyada iyo qalabka hawo-qaadista ee aan qarxin. Ka hortag uumiga inuu galo hawada goobta shaqada. Ka fogow taabashada oksaydhiyeyaasha, asiidhyada iyo saldhigyada. Heerka socodka waa in la xakameeyaa inta lagu jiro buuxinta, waana inuu jiraa qalab dhulka lagu shubo si looga hortago ururinta korantada. Marka la qabanayo, rarista fudud iyo dejinta waa in la sameeyaa si looga hortago waxyeelada soo gaarta baakadaha iyo weelasha. Iyada oo lagu qalabeeyay noocyada iyo tirada u dhiganta ee qalabka dabka iyo qalabka daaweynta degdegga ah ee daadanaya. Weel madhan ayaa laga yaabaa inuu ku jiro haraaga waxyeelada leh.
Taxaddarrada kaydinta:Badanaa badeecaddu waxay leedahay wax joojiya. Ku kaydi bakhaar qabow oo hawo leh. Ka fogow dabka iyo kulaylka. Heerkulka bakhaarka waa inaanu dhaafin 30℃. Xirmada waa in la xiraa oo aan la taaban hawada. Waa in si gaar ah looga kaydiyaa oksaydhiyeyaasha, asiidhyada iyo saldhigyada, waana inaan la isku qasin. Nalalka iyo hawo-mareenka aan qarxin ayaa la qaataa. Ha isticmaalin qalabka farsamada iyo qalabka u nugul dhimbiil. Meesha kaydinta waa inay ku qalabaysan tahay qalabka daaweynta degdegga ah ee daadashada iyo agabka ku habboon.
Baakad: 180KG/durbaan
Waqtiga boostada: Maajo-23-2023