Polyurethane waa shey muhiim ah oo kiimiko ah. Sababta oo ah waxqabadka ugu wanaagsan iyo adeegsi kala jaad ah, waxaa loo yaqaanaa "balaastiiqa shanaad ee ugu weyn". Laga soo bilaabo alaabta guriga, dharka, gaadiid, isboorti, isboorti, iyo dhismaha difaaca qaran, agabyada loo yaqaan 'polyurethane' waa wakiillo cusub oo ku saabsan dalkayga si ay u dhisaan wadan awood leh.
Ka dib in ka badan 20 sano oo horumarin deg deg ah oo ah warshadaha alaabada cayriin ee Polyurethane ceyriinka, waxay muujisay isbedel ka yimaada isbedelka mugga-ilaaliya. Teknolojiyadda wax soo saarka iyo wax soo saarka ee ISOCYANANATE waxay kaamil ku noqdeen adduunka. Waxay soo gashay xilli dhiirrigelinta tikniyoolajiyada oo soo galay horumarinta jaamacadeed. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, Shiinaha ayaa noqday saldhigga wax soo saarka ee ugu weyn adduunka iyo saldhigga wax soo saarka ee adduunka, iyo sidoo kale gobolka ugu dhameystiran ee duurka ku jira codsiyada polyurethane.
Sida furaha wax lagu daro polyurethane, wakiilada fiditaanka polyurethane waa maaddooyin ka jawaabi kara jawaab-celinta kooxda haweenka ee ku saabsan xargaha polymer ee sadarka si loo ballaariyo silsiladda molikalalal. Waa qalab cayriin oo lama huraan ah oo loogu talagalay soosaarka wax soo saarka polyurethane-ka badan. In qalabka isku-darka polyurethane, wakiilada fiditaanka porurethane waxay gaari karaan laba fal-celin kiimiko ah: ballaarinta iyo soosaarka polyurethane-ka sarreeya, sida kor u qaadista heerka wax soo saarka ee sheyga polyurethane, iyo heerka ilmada. Fiisigisyada iyo waxqabadka dhalada ee kiimikada ee iska caabbinta heerkulka, iska caabbinta saliida, iska caabbinta cimilada iyo iska caabbinta cimilada.
一, doorka iyo kala-saaridda wakiilka ballaarinta silsiladaha Polyurethane
Wakiilka ballaarinta Polyurethane wuxuu ka hadlayaa xeryaha miraha yar ee polyurethane iyo aalkolada leh ee ay ku jiraan laba koox oo shaqeynaya, oo abuuri kara khadka tooska ah -ky poly polympidic-ka ku saabsan faafinta silsiladda. Adigoo adeegsanaya wakiilo fidinta silsiladaha kala duwan, ama bedelida qaaciddada ballaarinta silsiladda, falcelinta kiimikaad ee heerarka kaladuwan ayaa la gaadhaa, iyo agab polyurethanethane oo leh shuruudaha waxqabadka kala duwan ayaa la soo saaray.
Doorka wakiilada balaarinta silsiladaha Polyurethane ee ku jira fal-celinta polyuretherethesis-ka badanaa waxaa ka mid ah:
(1) Wakiilka ballaarinta Polyurethane wuxuu leeyahay koox astaamo ah (amino iyo verdondyl kooxda) oo ku samayn kara falcelin kiimikaad ah oo ku sameyn kara falcelin kiimikaad ah isgocyanate. Miisaanka miraha iyo falcelinta xiisaha leh ayaa si dhakhso leh u ballaarin kara nidaamka falcelinta polyurethane.
(2) Silsiladaha kala duwan ee silsiladaha kaladuwan leeyihiin falcelin kala duwan. Adigoo adeegsanaya noocyo kala duwan oo ah walxaha ballaarinta silsiladaha iyo qiyaasta, hagaajinta vacector-ka dib-u-dhaca, molecules iyo qaab dhismeedka moyinkoolada si ay ula qabsadaan soosaarka polyurethane iyo wax soo saarka nidaamyada kala duwan iyo shuruudaha tayada leh.
(3) Wakiillada fidsan ee polyurethane waxay siin karaan guryo kaladuwan oo polyurethane ah, qaar ka mid ah qaabdhismeedka kooxda astaamaha ah ee ku jira molyurethane, kaas oo saameeya makaanikada iyo waxqabadka buugga ee Polyurethane, sida xoojinta iyo iska caabinta xoog, anti -Dilin daalka, iska caabinta heerkulka, iska caabbinta cimilada, iska caabbinta saliida, iska caabbinta shidaalka, iwm.
Wakiillada Ballanka Polyurethane ayaa guud ahaan loo qaybiyaa Amine, aalkolo, iyo aalkolo. ISTICMAALKA ISTICMAALKA Nidaamyada Nidaamka iyo Qaab-dhismeedka Waxqabadka, Dinable iyo DIOL badanaa waxay ku saleysan yihiin nidaamka nidaamka iyo qaab dhismeedka waxqabadka. Wakiillada Noocyada Nooca ee Nooca ah sida Ethylene Glycol, 1,4-Bunol, iyo hal-ka-yaantil dihdydramol, iwm. Wakiilka balaarinta silsiladda oo leh wax qabad muuqda ee qalabka polyurethane ee loogu talagalay inta badan labada qaybood: udgoonnaan udgoon ah iyo udgoon driol. Waxaa loo yaqaan wakiilka qashin-qubka ee sare. Waxaa lagu gartaa giraan adag oo giraan ah. Awoodda, iska caabinta baabi'inta, iska caabbinta dhexdhexaadka ah iyo guryaha kale.
Wakiilka ballaarinta ee udgoon ee udgoonku kaliya ma aha fure lama huraan ah Inta ugu badan, ugu xun, iyo ugu weyn ee ugu weyn ee 'polyurether polyurethane' polyurethane "oo ah wakiilka guddiga silsiladda.
Hay'adaha dhaqameedyada polyurethane-ga guud ahaan waxaa lagu xalliyaa laba farsamo-darro, taasi waa, daah furno isku-darka ah, ka dibna lagu xalliyo wakiilada ballaarinta silsiladaha si loo saxo. Waxay kuxirantahay nooca isgoyska, prefabricated waxaa loo qaybin karaa kuyaala TDI iyo noocyada MDI. Marka la barbar dhigo labada, hawsha falcelinta ee TDI-ga ee TDI waa mid hooseysa, oo inta badan waa la isbarbardhigayaa wakiilada ballaarinta silsiladaha amine ee aadka u firfircoon; Hawlaha falcelinta ee MDI-ga ee Pervalated waa mid sare, iyo hay'adda 'hydroxy----yaqaanada' silsiladaha 'ee lagu tallaalayo oo ay ku jiraan meel hoose oo ah shaashad hydroxyl. Marka loo eego shuruudaha xaaladaha isticmaalka iyo waxqabadka badeecada, waxaa si gaar ah muhiim u ah in la doorto wakiilka ballaarinta silsiladda ka dib xulashada ka dib nooca isgocyanate.
,,--Ka-sare ee polyurether-ka badan ee loo yaqaan 'polyurether' planerethers ploressions plactrisition noocyada iyo astaamaha dalabka
2.1 Arammer Arammer Arammer Dihan Amine Modelsion wakiilka
Sababo la xiriira waxqabadka ugu wanaagsan iyo tayada sare--dhexe, wakiilka camalka udgoon ee dimuimiina waa kuwa ugu caansan uguna ballaaran ee loo adeegsado wakiilka silsiladda oo si weyn loo isticmaalo agabka polyurethane ashtatka laastikada polyurethane.
Caadi ahaan loo isticmaalo wakiilada fiditaanka udgoon ee dianramine-ka ee diamatic-ga badanaa waxaa ka mid ah 3, 3'-dinclori-4, 4'-diondo (moca: nooca i, resity i, iwm.), Iwm. ) (740m), 4,4'-sub-salan-laba-laba-jibbaaran (3-koloriin-2,6-shibine anilie) (M-CDEA), polyp.coretylyl etter laba-lammaane Aminbenzenenzenzenenzenzenzenenzonenzenzenzenenzenzenenzenzenenzenenzonenzenzenenzenzenenzenzenenzenzenenzenzate (P-1000, P-60, P-250, iwm, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan E-100), 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 5-Tilmaanta Sulfienylene (DMTDA, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan E-300) iyo alaabada kale.
Dulmarka Astaamaha Codsiga iyo Horumarinta badeecadaha ugu waaweyn waa sida soo socota:
Wakiilka balaarinta silsiladda Mocta waa wakiilka ugu horeeya ee xirfadda sare ee xirfadda leh ee ku ballaarinta silsiladda sicirka ah ee lagu sameeyay wax soo saar ay ku soo saartay soosaarka warshadaha ee dalkayga. Waa xaalad adag heerkulka qolka. Waxay leedahay astaamaha badeecada polyurethane ee loo isticmaali karo xagga amniga iyo ku habboonaanta, kaasoo buuxin kara astaamaha faahfaahinta iyo qaababka kala duwan. The Staticity of Poranuretranes waa mid aad u sarreeya,-sare, -x-sare, -esistant -esistant-ka-adkeysi, iska caabin dagaal, iska caabbinta isku-darka, iska caabbinta iyo guryaha kale ee is-caabbinta. Waxay sameyn kartaa wax soo saar ballaaran. Waa wax qabad dhameystiran oo ku saabsan wakiilada ballaarinta ee udgoonku udgoon. Tan iyo markii la horumariyay Dupont ee sannadihii 1950-meeyadii, Moca wuxuu ku mashquulsanaa meel muhiim ah oo ku saabsan garoonka Polyrethane-ka. Waqtigan xaadirka ah ee loo yaqaan 'polyurethane' oo ugu weyn Polyurethane "wakiilka ballaarinta silsiladda. Xitaa xitaa waa lama huraan in lagu shubo garoonka lagu shubo xargaha polyurethane. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, soosaarayaasha caanka ah ee Shiinaha ayaa ah: Suzhou Xiangyuan agab cusub oo Co. Shirkadda kiimikada ee Xianggyuan), Huibingsuang. . Hua kiimikada kiimikada ee Hua, Ltd. (Binhai ee hore ee loo yaqaan 'Binhai Minding' kiimikada Kiimikada Co., Ltd.), Chizhou Tianci Alaabta -Tech Alaabtii Co., Ltd. Intaa waxaa dheer, waxaa jira Taiwan Shuangbang Warshadaha Co., Ltd Sanuang Co., Ltd Sanuang CO.
Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, sida uu dhigayo hoggaanka shirkadaha Shiinaha, tikniyoolajiyadda soosaarka ee Moca ayaa noqotay mid sii kordhaysa. Tusaale ahaan, agab cusub oo Xiangyuan ah ayaa ka gudbisa dhibaatada shaqaalaynta shaqaalaha, wasakheynta daran, iyo xasillooni ku filan oo ah soo-saarkii aan kala go 'lahayn ee haro-bixiyaha hawo-galinta hydrogenintation Habka isdaba joogga ah ayaa ka dhaleeceeyay hydrogen-ka acoustics-ka -panics-ka-sareeya iyo geedi socodka wax soo saarka ee Moca, isagoo ogaaday otomatiga, waxsoosaarka cagaaran, -f -f -f -f -re, yareynta tamarta iyo eber-eber. Qalabka waxsoosaarka ee joogtada ah ee Moca wuxuu noqday soosaaraha wax soo saarka ee wax soo saarka ee loo yaqaan 'polyurethane wakiilka ballaarinta silsiladda' polyanurethane.
Intaas waxaa sii dheer, agab cusub oo Xiangysuan ayaa sidoo kale horumarisay Xylil740m iyo xylink Ples Fisigyada taxanaha silsiladaha, iyagoo xaqiijinaya warshadayaasha polyurethane ee taxanaha ah si loo wanaajiyo tayada, yareynta qarashka, iyo codsiyada ballaaran.
2.2 Wakiilka ballaarinta ee ugu weyn ee ba'an
Caadi ahaan wakiilada caraf udgoon-ka-daadashada ee loo yaqaan 'phenroxyl-pheentyl' badiyaa loo isticmaalaa Qalabka polyurethane ee loogu talagalay nidaamyada habraaca ee MDI, oo ah mid aan sun-lahayn oo aan sun-lahayn oo ah tilmaanta xawaashka nooca ah ee loo yaqaan 'Volic'. Dulmarka Astaamaha Codsiga iyo Horumarinta badeecadaha ugu waaweyn waa sida soo socota:
Wakiilka ballaarinta silsiladda ah ee Xabka waa qaab-dhismeedka molikal-ka oo sumad u leh wakiilka ballaarinta udgoonka udgoon ee DWICT DEAL. Waa qayb adag, oo aan caadi ahayn, wasakhowga, iyo xanaaqa. Waxay ku habboon tahay MDI waxayna si wax ku ool ah u kordhin kartaa nolosha walaxda. Xiangyuan Qalabka Cusub ee Xiangyuan wuxuu soo saaray HQee, iyada, xyll HQee-L, Xylilingher-L oo taxane ah oo ah wakiilada loo ballaariyo silsiladaha. Tayada ayaa ka sarreysa wax ka badan waxyaabaha la midka ah ee guriga iyo dibedda, iyo alaabada lagu iibiyo guriga iyo dibedda.
2.3 Wakiillada kale ee Aromatic ee Aromatic ah oo leh wax qabad gaar ah
Iyada oo kor u kacaya beero soo baxaya polyurethane, wakiilo fidsan oo fidsan oo polyurethane iyo tikniyoolajiyad codsi ayaa si isdaba joog ah loogu dalacsiiyay si ay ula kulmaan baahida loo qabo suuqa polyurethane. Shirkadaha wax soo saarka wax soo saarka ayaa soo saaray wax qabad kala duwan oo gaar ah oo udgoon ah wakiilo udgoon ah.
Xilliga qaboobaha Tianmen (DMD230) waa silsilado ballaarin ah oo ay kujirto laba jaranjaro Amiin Amino -Free, oo loo isticmaalo diyaarinta jaale-darada dareeraha ah ee dareeraha ama sareeya -mod-ka. Marka la barbar dhigo potyettes spray ee caadiga ah, sheygu wuxuu leeyahay wax ka qabashada dhexdhexaadka ah, waxqabadka hawlgalka wanaagsan, hufnaanta dhismaha ee wanaagsan, iyo waxqabadka dhameystiran ee dhameystiran. Waxay leedahay gloss wanaagsan oo saamayn muuqata oo leh polycoges ee loogu talagalay polycisotripocyanate, dabacsanaan wanaagsan, isbadal farsamo, isbadal huruud ah, iska caabbinta jaalaha ah, iska caabbinta cimilada wanaagsan, iyo ilaalin dheer. Ka sokow buundooyinka, tunelada, iyo noocyo kala duwan oo dabaqa ah iyo calaamadaha wadada, waxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa codsiyada sare sida jaakadaha ka-hortagga iyo jaakadaha maqaarka ee maqaarka ee dabaysha dabaysha. Soosaarka warshadaha iyo kor u qaadida sheygan ayaa ka caawin doona horumarka------dhexe ee jaakadaha.
Fidinta (311) ee udgoonkii udgoon ee dibium diharamine iyo xeryahooda sodium (311) waa nooc ka mid ah isbarbardhiga isku-darka udgoon iyo cusbada inorganic. Waxaa lagu dhejin karaa noocyo kala duwan oo polyurethane ah oo heerkulka qolka ah. Waxay si gaar ah ugu habboon tahay qaababka adag ama weyn. Alaabada Aagga, Vinccation-ka microwave, iyo munaasabadaha kale ee u baahan waqti dheer oo hawlgal ah, ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa wakiilka daawashada ee loogu talagalay Resiny Resin. Alaabada la midka ah waxaa ka mid ah Caytur 31da ee Mareykanka, Xyllink 311, Qalabka Cusub ee Xiangyuan.
Wakiilada kale ee hoos ku dhaca sida caadiga ah sida saxda ah, ketone amine, iwm.
,, Xaalada horumarinta ee wakiilada ballaarinta silsiladaha polyarethane
Warshadaha ballaarinta Polyurethane ee dalkayga ayaa leh aasaas aasaasi ah oo horumarsan. Maalmihii hore, suuqa ballaarinta silsiladaha POLYURETANETANE METS waxaa had iyo jeer laga joojiyay shirkadaha caalamiga ah. Tan iyo markii la galay qarnigan, koox ka mid ah shirkadaha ballaarinta Polyaurethane ee ay matalaan Xangyuan agab cusub ayaa si guul leh u jebiyey monololies shisheeye kadib sanado badan oo uruurinta R & D iyo tikniyoolajiyadda. Qaar ka mid ah badeecadaha balaarinta silsiladaha polyurethane-ka ee dalka ayaa gaadhay heerka badeecooyinka caalamiga ah ee la midka ah.
Sida wakiilka ballaarinta ee ugu balaaran ee Aamine, geedi socodka wax soo saarka ee Moca waa mid qaangaar ah, xasilloon, dhexdhexaad ah, oo ku habboon jawaabta. Goobta lagu shubo jirka laastikada ee codsiyada hoose, gaar ahaan nidaamka TDI, tiro badan oo polyrothane ah ayaa uruursaday noocyo badan oo qaabab badan oo polyanurethane ah xasilloonida nasashada ee Moca deganaanshaha Moca deganaanshaha Moca. ku tababbaro. Qiimaha waa mid aad u sarreeya. Sanado la xiriira sanado la isticmaalo, xayiraad hanaan gaar ah ayaa la sameeyay. Waxay leedahay door aan loo arki karin, oo goobta arjiga ayaa si joogto ah u fidsan.
Maamulka kiimikada ee Yurub, oo ah hay'ad mas'uul ka ah shahaadada EU, ayaa soo saaray warbixin ku saabsan Nofeembar 30, 2017. Ka dib marka la barbar dhigo khataraha badbaadada, waxqabadka, iyo qiimaha qiimaha, waxay soo jeedisay in beerta jidhka polyurethane ay tahay, tayada wax soo saarka Moca. Waxqabadka, sicir---qabad-mid-kale iyo faa'iidooyin kale waa mid aad u wanaagsan, oo hadda wax kale ahna ma jiraan.
Warshadaha ballaarinta Poranurethane ee Shiinaha ayaa soo daahay. Maalmihii hore, iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay heerka tikniyoolajiyadda soosaarka ee hoos udhaca, daciifnimada ashyaa'da ceyriinka, iyo hibada ballaarinta R & D ee ku filan, suuqa ballaarinta silsiladaha Polyurethane ayaa loo sameeyay shirkado kala duwan. Ilaa 1990-yadii, tiro ka mid ah soosaarayaasha POLYURETANE GUDAHA ayaa si guul leh u jebiyey monololies ajinebiga ah ee dibedda ka dib sannado ka mid ah ururinta r & D iyo waxqabadka qaar ka mid ah qaar ka mid ah kooxda 'Polyurethane qaar' ayaa la gaadhay heerka alaabada caalamiga ah ee Polyurethane. Gaar ahaan, agabyada cusub ee Xiangyuan ayaa hogaaminayay hogaanka u dhisida 10,000-kun -Toton -level joogtada ah ee Moca. Heerka tayada wax soo saarka iyo heerka farsamada ayaa gaadhay heerka horseed ee horumarka adduunka iyo kan guriga. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, soosaarayaasha Moca ee gudaha ah ayaa awood u yeeshay inay ka soo baxaan shuruudaha Ionimine bilaash ah. Millar MOCARONA iyo HALKAN -THEMPERASHESTICATE MOCA ee Moca ee Alaabada Moca ee taxanaha ah waxaa lagu doortaa warshadaha polyurethane.
Qorshaha "laba iyo tobnaad ee qorshaha" laba iyo tobnaad ee qorshaha "laba iyo tobnaad" ee warshadaha Polyurethane-ka ah oo lagu daray in la ballaariyo qiyaasta wax soo saarka ee Moca, kor u qaadista wakiillada ballaarinta silsiladaha ee Moca, dallacsiinnada , Iyada, HQee iyo alaabada kale waa in la kordhiyaa. Iyada oo ku saleysan badeecadaha Moca ee taxanaha, oo ay la socdaan agabyada qalabka polyurethane iyo waxsoosaarka, alaabooyinka kale ee silsiladaha ah ee silsiladda ah ayaa sidoo kale soo ifbaxay, sameynta qaab dhismeedka kala duwan ee alaabada MOCA.
Iyada oo la wanaajiyo isdaba joog ah ee cilmi baarista tikniyoolajiyadda iyo horumarka, badeecada cusub ee '--yada' Agents silsilad-ku -dhaca udgoonku waxay leeyihiin faa iidooyin gaar ah oo ku saabsan xawaaraha jawaabta, iska caabinta heerkulka, ka caabitaanka, hawlgalka, badbaadada deegaanka iyo ilaalinta deegaanka iyo ilaalinta deegaanka. Codsigu si tartiib tartiib ah ayuu u bislaaday, oo qaddarka dalabka ayaa sii ballaaranaya. Tusaale ahaan, p-1000, p650, p250, 740m, sababtuna tahay cagaaran, bey'ad u fiican, astaamaha aan sun ahayn, si tartiib tartiib ah u furay suuqa arjiga ee qaybo badan. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, horumarinta iyo koritaanka nidaamka MDI ee deegaan ee jawiga jawiga leh, oo ah iskoolka-sicir-bararka-udgoonku waxay u egtahay in HQEE iyo iyada oo la jaan qaadaya nidaamka MDI-da si tartiib tartiib ah ayuu u kordhiyay, iyadoo la siinayo polyaurettatty-ka Heerka sare ee jirka oo aad u fiican qaab ciyaareedyo gaar ah sida kululaynta kuleylka iyo xoogga ilmada. Marka lagu daro soosaarka wax soo saarka badeecadaha, waxay sidoo kale soo saari kartaa badeecado sare oo heer-sare ah, kaas oo laga naxo. Meelaha arjiga leh shuruudaha waxqabadka sare ee agabyada polyurethane ee wadamada horumaray iyo qaar ka mid ah agabyada polyurethetherethane, wakiilada ballaarinta silsiladaha sida 740m, HQEE, iyada ayaa ah codsi qoto dheer. Wakiilka balaarinta silsiladda ee cusub ayaa leh faa iidooyin kaladuwan qeyb gaar ah, oo xadka farsamada ayaa aad u sarreeya. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, suuqa gudaha ayaa wali ku jira marxaladda samaynta dalabka.
,, Qaabka horumarka ee warshadaha ballaarinta silsiladaha polyurethane
Warshadaha polyurethane ee waqooyiga Ameerika iyo galbeedka Yurub waxay urursadeen tobanaan sano oo horumar ah. Warshadaha ayaa leh awood farsamo oo adag oo ku saabsan warshadaha, suuqa waa mid qaangaar ah. Isla mar ahaantaana, macaamiisha ku sugan aagaggaas waxay leeyihiin shuruudo wax qabad oo sareeya oo loogu talagalay alaabada polyurethane, oo baahida loo qabo wakiilada fidinta silsiladda ah ayaa ka dhakhso badan Moca. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, dalal horumaray sida Yurub iyo Mareykanka ayaa ku mashquulsan qaybta ugu weyn ee baahida loo qabo wakiilada bacnaadda silsiladda.
Isticmaalka ballaaran ee polyurethane ee gobolka Aasiya iyo waddamada kale ee soo ifbaxaya ayaa noqonaya xoogga ugu weyn ee wadista dalxiiska ee Polyurethane. Waxaa ka mid ah, gobolka Aasiya wuxuu horeyba u yahay suuqa macaamiisha adduunka ee ugu weyn adduunka, oo ay ku xisaabtamayaan qiyaastii 48% saamiyada suuqa adduunka; Wadamada kale ee soo ifbaxaya sida India, Brazil, Mexico, iwm., iwm. Si kastaba ha noqotee, marka la barbar dhigo wadamada horumaray ee Yurub iyo Mareykanka, qaar ka mid ah gobolladaas gobolladaan ayaa wali ku jira marxaladda hore ee warshadeynta. Waxay si aad ah ugu xasaasi u yihiin qiimaha alaabta ceeriin ee warshadaha polyurethethane oo ay fiiro gaar ah siiyaan qiimaha iyo kharashka waxqabadka. Mustaqbalka, mustaqbalka, aaggan wali wuxuu sii hayn doonaa baahi weyn oo loogu talagalay dookha sare.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, shirkadaha ugu waaweyn ee ballaarinta polyurethane, sida kazaka Kagoshane Kagoshan Co., Ltd. Iibsiga Kiimikada Hawada ee Mareykanka (iyo Mareykanka) . Nidaamka-loo yaqaan '-Nach -research' ayaa laga tirtiray saameynta tayada wax soo saarka iyo qiimaha, iyo uruurinta warshadaha qashinka ah ee silsiladda ayaa sii kordhay. Isla mar ahaantaana, shirkadaha waaweyn waxay sidoo kale isku halleeyaan xoog weyn oo xoog iyo cilmi-baaris ah iyo asal horumarineed si loo ballaariyo ashyaa'da khaniisiinta ah iyo samaynta xarumaha wax soo saarka ee '-ka', iyo xarumaha xarumaha iyo xarumaha xarumaha iyo D & D ee meelaha ay leeyihiin ilo fiican, suuqyada, iyo xaaladaha shaqada.
5. Xaaladda hadda iyo jihada horumarinta ee wakiilada fidinta polyurethane
Sida ugu dambaysa wax lagu daro ee qalabka polyurethane, wakiilada ballaarinta polyurethane waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa nidaamka kiiska (oo ay ku jiraan jaakad, caqabado, xirmooyin, haraaga laastikada) ee qalabka porurethanet. Waxaa ka mid ah, jirkii jidhka polyurethane-ka ah waa shey polymer isku-dhafan oo u dhexeeya rucub guud iyo caag. Waxay leedahay labadaba aflagaadada sare ee caagga ah iyo adkaanta sare iyo xoogga sare ee balaastiigga ah. 5 illaa 10 jeer), waxay leedahay sumcadda "boqorka xijaab-caagga ah" oo uu leeyahay awood farsamo oo wanaagsan, iska caabbinta saliida, iska caabinta kiimikada, iska caabbinta heerkulka iyo waxqabadka kuleylka ee heerkulka hoose iyo waxqabadka kuleylka. Nooca lagu shubo ee caadiga ah iyo jirka polyurethane polyanurethane, polyurethane polssit-ka waxaa ka mid ah adhessies, jaakad, qalabeynta, maqaarka maqaarka, maqaarka, iwm. Taasi waxay noqotaa qalabka polyurethane. Iyada oo la raacayo isbadalka isdaba-joog ah ee heerka farsamada, barbaarinta polyurethane waxaa lagu beddelay caag, balaastig, iyo biraha dhinacyo kala duwan ah sida gawaarida, miinooyinka, daabacaadda, qalabka mashiinnada, iyo gaadiidka.
Marka loo eego tirakoobka ka imanaya wakaaladaha ay quseyso, isticmaalka kiiska polyurethane ee Shiinaha (jirka laastikada, maqaarka maqaarka, xargaha isku-darka, iyo celcelis ahaan heerka kobaca sannadlaha ah ee 11.5% sanadkii 2016-2021 waxay ahayd 11.5%.
The Podyutty of Polyurethane ee sanadka 2016 wuxuu ahaa 925,000 tan, iyo wax soo saarka 2021 oo gaar ah 1.5 milyan oo tan, oo leh heerka koritaanka sanadlaha ah ee xarunta 10.2%; Celceliska heerka kobaca kobaca sanadlaha ah ee isticmaalka wuxuu ahaa 12.5%. Waxaa lagu qiyaasaa in marka la gaaro 2025, soo-saarka jirka ee dalkeyga Polyurethanne-ka ah wuxuu gaari doonaa 2.059 milyan tan, oo wali ku jiri doona isbeddel deg deg ah oo horumarineed.
Caalamka, wax soo saarka caalamiga ah ee cudurka 'polyurethane' oo la gaadhay 2.52 milyan tan sannadka 2016 iyo 3.539 milyan tan oo ah 2021, oo leh heerka koboca kobaca sanadlaha ah ee 7.0%. Marka la gaaro 2025, soosaarka caalamiga ah ee polyurethane emastomer ayaa la filayaa inuu gaaro 4.495 milyan oo tan, oo muujinaya isbeddello deg deg ah oo joogto ah oo horumar ah.
Polmoplastic Polyurethane ebermate (TPU) ayaa aad u fiican caabbinta caabbinta. Awooda jilicsan ayaa ah mid sarreysa, dheer, saliida-saliida, iska caabin heerkul hoose, iska caabbial cimilo, iyo caabbinta cimilada, iyo caabbinta ozone waa mid caan ah. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, codsiga suuqa ee TPU ayaa laga ballaariyey wershadaha kabaha ilaa suuqyada suuqa sare sida daawooyinka, duulista, iyo ilaalinta deegaanka. Marka loo eego tirakoobka, laga soo bilaabo 2014 ilaa 2021, celceliska heerka kobaca kobaca ee sanadlaha ah ee soosaarka TPU ee Shiinaha ayaa ka badnaa 14.5%. Sanadkii 2021, soosaarka TPU ee dalka ayaa ahaa qiyaastii 64,000 tan. Dalkaygu wuxuu noqday waddanka wax soo saarka ee ugu weyn ee TPU ee ugu weyn. Wax soo saarka iyo mugga dhoofinta saafiga ah ayaa si isdaba joog ah u kordhay sannadihii ugu dambeeyay.
Marka laga eego aragtida baahida, suuqa caalamiga ah ee TPU wuxuu hadda ku urursan yahay Yurub, Mareykanka, iyo Aasiya Gobollada. Waxaa ka mid ah, gobolka Aasiya ee ay hogaamiso Shiinaha waa suuqa ugu dhakhsaha badan gobolka ee ku jira isticmaalka TPU ee adduunka. Sida laga soo xigtay tirakoobka Guddiga Qaabka Gaarka ah ee Shiinaha ee Polyaurethane Ururka Word Polygethane ee soosaarka Polyurethane ee dalkayga 2018 ee la gaadhay 11.3 milyan oo tan, kaas oo ah isticmaalka taranka polyurethane (tpu + cpu) .
TPU wali waa mid ka mid ah badeecadaha ay ku jiraan koritaanka dhaqsaha badan ee Polyurethane mustaqbalka dhow. Dalkaygu wuxuu noqday waddanka macaamiisha ugu weyn ee ugu weyn TPU. Marka loo eego tirakoobka, celcelis ahaan heerka kobaca sanadlaha ah ee sanadlaha ah ee China ee China's Isticmaalka TPU ee 2017-2021, kaas oo ah wadarta guud ee 2021 ay ahayd 602.6% oo ah 11.6% sanadka. Iyada oo ku saleysan wax soo saarka TPA ee adduunka ee 1.09 milyan tan 2021, isticmaalka TPU ee gudaha ee TPU ayaa dhaaftay badh adduunka. Mustaqbalka, baahiyaha agabyada kabaha, filimka, tuubooyinka, iyo fiilooyinka ayaa noqon doona kuwo aad u xoog badan. Goobta qalabka caafimaadka, fiilooyinka fiilooyinka, iyo filimka, waxay sii badanaysaa agabka PVC ee caadiga ah. Waxay u badan tahay in laga beddelo Eva garoonka kabaha. Waxaa la filayaa in TPU ay sii jiri doonto 10 mustaqbalka 10 10% ama in ka badan oo kordha. Waxaa la filayaa in isticmaalkiisa ay gaari doonto qiyaastii 900,000 tan oo ah 2026.
Iyada oo la adeegsanayo fiditaanka tartiib-tartiib ah ee cabirka wax soo saarka, qiimaha badeecada dib-u-dhiska ah ayaa ka hooseeya, kala duwanaanshuhu waa kala duwan yahay, baahida suuqa ayaa soo hagaagtay, iyo horumarka warshadaha waa deg deg ah. Inta lagu guda jiro muddada "afar iyo tobnaad shan-sano-Qorshaha", warshadaha kiiska waa inay si adag u dhiirrigeliyaan horumarka badeecada ee jihada biyaha, iyo waxyaabaha sare-sare. Kordhin horumarka kiiska iyo horumarinta tikniyoolajiyada tikniyoolajiyada ee aasaasiga ah ee astaanta aasaasiga ah, iyadoo diiradda lagu saarayo biyuhu polytianmen biyo -fo -to -pyrodramine polyphonine polyphonis; diirada saar inaad fuliso sunta biyaha-asaasiga ah ee cilmi baarista tikniyoolajiyadda iyo injineernimada; Hagaajinta waxqabadka badeecada, horumariyo alaabada cusub, ballaariso goobta arjiga, oo kor u qaad dhismaha dhismaha kaabayaasha tareenka ee tareenka, wado wado, tunnel korantada, iwm. iyo adeegsiga duurka; Dhiirrigelinta codsiga farsamada ee polyurethane adheals for forldehyde si loogu daro taargooyin macmal ah; horumariyo kala-sooca, shaqeynaya, iyo qiime-aad u sarreysa oo wax soo saarka ammonia ah; xoojiya cilmi-baarista iyo tikniyoolajiyadda arjiga ee qaab dhismeedka biyaha polyurethane-ka, waxqabadka, muddada cimriga dheer; Dhiirrigelinta adeegsiga agabyada polyurethane ee dhismayaasha lasiinayo.
Tilmaamaha ugu muhiimsan ee horumarka ee garoonka elastomer waa:
Polyurethane emastomers gawaarida. Warshadaha gawaarida maanta waxay ku soo balaaran tahay waxqabadka sare, tayo sare, miisaan fudud, raaxo iyo nabadgelyo. Qalabka isku-darka caagga ah ee caagga ah ee caagga ah.
Polyurethane emastomers dhismaha. Asphalt asft 'wuxuu dareemay in walxaha biyaha ka-hortaga ah si tartiib tartiib ah loogu beddelay waardiyeyaal, isku-darka dhismaha polyurethane polyurethane polyurethane ee polyarethof-ka polyarethof-ka; Codsiga polyurethane Sports track waa mid aad u badan. Kala-goysyada balaarinta buundooyinka waaweyn, hurdada ee jidka tareenka xawaaraha sare leh, orodka orodka ee xawaaraha iyo wadooyinka weyn ee weyn ayaa sidoo kale si tartiib tartiib ah looga sameeyay PVC eberomer lagu adkeeyay heerkulka qolka.
Polyanurethane elastomer isticmaalkayga. Waxaa jira baahi weyn oo loogu talagalay waxyaabaha aan caadiga ahayn ee ashyaa'da kuwa aan ahayn caabbinta, xoog sare iyo tobanlsity miinooyinka dhuxusha, bir iyo miinooyinka aan biqsan.
Polyurethane emastomer kabaha. Cilmiga polychloride-ka polychloride wuxuu leeyahay faa'iidooyinka waxqabadka la dhisayo ee Polychloride, miisaanka nalka, xidho iska caabbinta, caabbinta shucaaca, iyo wixii la mid ah, ayaa noqday qalab muhiim ah oo taageeraya kabaha kabaha.
Polyurethane emastomer si loo isticmaalo caafimaad. Biyo-yareynta wanaagsan, is-waafajinta dhiigga oo aan wax kale lagu daro waa sababa muhiim ah oo ku saabsan adeegsiga qalabka TPU iyo agabyada CPU ee garoonka caafimaadka. Codsigeeda ku saabsan caafimaadka caafimaadka iyo caafimaadka waa mid aad u ballaaran.
Xaashida Cusub ee Polyaurethane. Tiknolojiyadda qalabka wax lagu dhejiyo ayaa la filayaa inay keento waqti cusub oo qarax suuq cusub oo loogu talagalay cudurka polyurethane ee cudurka.
,, warshadaha ballaarinta silsiladaha polyurethane ee "14-ka-shanta-song Qorshe" isbeddelka horumarka
Marka laga eego aragtida caalamiga ah, horumarinta deg-degga ah ee garoonka dhismaha, warshadaha baabuurta, qalabka sirdoonka elektiroonigga ah, warshadaha cusub iyo warshadaha cusub ee ilaalinta deegaanka ayaa si weyn u kaxeystay baahida loo qabo badeecadaha polyurethane. Kooxda reer Global Polyurethane waxay sii wadaan inay cusbooneysiiso tikniyoolajiyadda iyo arjiga, waxayna sii wadi doontaa kor u qaadida horumarka iyo soo saarista alaabada cusub ee polyurethane. Iyada oo ballaarinta badeecadaha polyurethane ee garoonka iyo baaxadda suuqa hoose ee suuqa hoose, baahida kala duwanaanshaha ee badeecada polyurethane waxay horumarin doontaa hal abuurka joogtada ah iyo hormarinta silsiladda silsiladda Polyurethane.
10-ka sano ee soo socota, adeegsiga wax soo saarka Polyurethane ee aagagga nasashada qaarkood ayaa waliba si dhakhso ah u horumarin doona. Khubarada warshadaha ayaa falanqayn doona in baahida caalamiga ah ee polyurethane ay ku kordhin doonto sicirka 4.5% sanadkii. Waxaa ka mid ah, celceliska heerka kobaca sanadlaha ah ee sanadlaha ah ee loo baahan yahay polyurethane waxaa lagu qiyaasaa inuu yahay 5.7% meelaha qaboojiyaha, kabaha, dharka, dharka firaaqada ah iyo meelaha kale. Baahida loo qabo goobta wax soo saarka ayaa waxyar kordhay, waxaana la filayaa inay noqoto 3.3% sanadkii. Wadamada soo ifbaxay ee gobolka Aasiya waxaa taageeray tikniyoolajiyad cusub si ay u balaariyaan codsiyada hoos udhaca, oo baahida loo qabo polyuretranes waxay gaari doonaan sicirka kobaca laba-jirka ah sannad kasta.
Maaddaama ay muhiim u tahay shey ceyriin ah oo loogu talagalay warshadaha polyurethethane, warshadaha wax lagu daro polyurethane waa in ay si aan kala sooc lahayn u hirgalin fikradda horumarka cusub. Hoos ka hooseysa, dulucda kobcinta horumarka sare ee horumarka warshadaha polyurethane, oo leh jihada loo dhiirigelinayo warshadaha polyurethetherethethetherethane si loo dardargeliyo qaab dhismeedka cusub ee "laba-kor u qaadaya -caarn", iyo dijitalbon isbedel. , Dardar dardargelinta dhismaha nidaam warshadeed casri ah, kor u qaadaya "gaagaaban" ee alaabada sare, "tikniyoolajiyadda muhiimka ah", oo ah wado cusub "ee soosaarka dhaqameed, iyo kor u qaadida dalkayga si ay uga dhaqaaqdo Poranurethane a wadan adag.
Waqtigan xaadirka ah, silsiladda polyurethane waxay noqotay mid ka mid ah agabyada 'poranurethanethanether ceyriinka' ee loogu talagalay mashaariicda waaweyn ee kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha. Warshadaha polyurethane waa kordhinta warshadaha isku-darka, ee ku soo koraya jihada ilaalinta deegaanka, hufnaanta sare iyo tayada sare. XARUNTA KU SAABSAN MACLUUMAADKA ARESPERCACE, MACLUUMAADKA Elektiroonigga ah, tamar cusub, gawaarida tareenka, tareenka xawaaraha, madnagadaha, isbedelka silsiladaha guud, isbeddelka polyurethane-ka ah ee guulaha tikniyoolajiyada ah ayaa la dadajiyay si loo hagaajiyo Guud ahaan heerka horumarka ee warshadaha polyurethane.
Warshadaha horumarinta Polyurethane waa in ay horumariyaan tayo sare leh, silsilado cagaaran oo ah badeecadaha la soo saaray oo ay la socdaan waxqabadka ilaalinta deegaanka ee deegaanka. Kaliya maahan nadiif iyo wasakheyn oo ku saabsan nidaamka wax soo saarka, laakiin sidoo kale amaan iyo cagaar hanaanka adeegsiga si kor loogu qaado cagaarka waxsoosaarka polyaurethane hanaanka. Midda labaad, si loo sii ballaariyo isticmaalka silsiladda jira silsiladaha jira, si ay u sii dheertaan silsiladda mihnadeed ee jira oo ay ka buuxdo muhiimada codsiyada cusub. Heerka tikniyoolajiyadda qaar ka mid ah polyurethane silsiladdu waa la mid tahay shirkadaha caalamiga ah, laakiin cilmi baaris dheeraad ah ayaa loo baahan yahay si dadka isticmaala inbadan ay ogaadaan in lagu dhiirrigeliyo badeecadaha dheecaan dheecaanka udgoonku iyo waxqabadka wanaagsan, iyo Si loo saaro saameynta isku-darka silsiladda si loo badbaadiyo tamarta oo yareeyo cunitaanka iyo qiimaha. Saddexaad waa in la sii horumariyo alaabooyin cusub iyadoo loo eegayo baahida suuqa, si loo bixiyo wax soo saarka tayo sare iyo tayo sare leh ee warshadaha polyurethane, si ay u buuxiyaan baahiyaha suuqa hoos udhaca ah oo ballaarinaya baaxadda dalabka.
Qalabka polyurethane waa mid muhiim ah oo muhiim ah oo muhiim ah oo ah lacag aad u badan iyo qiimo aad u badan, taas oo ahmiyad weyn u leh hagaajinta waxqabadka badeecada. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, agab kale oo polyurethanne iyo xitaa balaastigyada xujada ah, polyurethane silsilad lagu helo saameyn muuqata oo ku saabsan hagaajinta waxqabadka badeecada. Warshadaha Polyurethane, polyurethane silsiladaha suuqa ee suuqa ayaa aad u weyn. Si kor loogu qaado loona hoggaamiyo horumarka tayada sare ee warshadaha polyurethane, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la xoojiyo cilmi-baarista arjiga iyo kor u qaadida silsiladda polyurethane, oo ay si fiican u horumariyaan silsilad wanaagsan Badbaadinta, badbaadada iyo ilaalinta deegaanka iyo waxqabadka arjiga, si loo sameeyo wax tabaruc weyn ah nolosha wanaagsan ee aadanaha.
Waqtiga Post: Feb-08-2023